@article {69215,
	title = {Integrating across behaviors and timescales to understand the neural control of movement.},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
	volume = {85},
	year = {2024},
	month = {2024 Feb 13},
	pages = {102843},
	abstract = {<p>The nervous system evolved to enable navigation throughout the environment in the pursuit of resources. Evolutionarily newer structures allowed increasingly complex adaptations but necessarily added redundancy. A dominant view of movement neuroscientists is that there is a one-to-one mapping between brain region and function. However, recent experimental data is hard to reconcile with the most conservative interpretation of this framework, suggesting a degree of functional redundancy during the performance of well-learned, constrained behaviors. This apparent redundancy likely stems from the bidirectional interactions between the various cortical and subcortical structures involved in motor control. We posit that these bidirectional connections enable flexible interactions across structures that change depending upon behavioral demands, such as during acquisition, execution or adaptation of a skill. Observing the system across both multiple actions and behavioral timescales can help isolate the functional contributions of individual structures, leading to an integrated understanding of the neural control of movement.</p>
},
	issn = {1873-6882},
	doi = {10.1016/j.conb.2024.102843},
	author = {Gmaz, Jimmie M and Keller, Jason A and Dudman, Joshua T and Gallego, Juan A}
}
@article {67199,
	title = {Flexible scaling and persistence of social vocal communication.},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {593},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2021 May 01},
	pages = {108-13},
	abstract = {<p>Innate vocal sounds such as laughing, screaming or crying convey one{\textquoteright}s feelings to others. In many species, including humans, scaling the amplitude and duration of vocalizations is essential for effective social communication. In mice, female scent triggers male mice to emit innate courtship ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). However, whether mice flexibly scale their vocalizations and how neural circuits are structured to generate flexibility remain largely unknown. Here we identify mouse neurons from the lateral preoptic area (LPOA) that express oestrogen receptor 1 (LPOA neurons) and, when activated, elicit the complete repertoire of USV syllables emitted during natural courtship. Neural anatomy and functional data reveal a two-step, di-synaptic circuit motif in which primary long-range inhibitory LPOA neurons relieve a clamp of local periaqueductal grey (PAG) inhibition, enabling excitatory PAG USV-gating neurons to trigger vocalizations. We find that social context shapes a wide range of USV amplitudes and bout durations. This variability is absent when PAG neurons are stimulated directly; PAG-evoked vocalizations are time-locked to neural activity and stereotypically loud. By contrast, increasing the activity of LPOA neurons scales the amplitude of vocalizations, and delaying the recovery of the inhibition clamp prolongs USV bouts. Thus, the LPOA disinhibition motif contributes to flexible loudness and the duration and persistence of bouts, which are key aspects of effective vocal social communication.</p>
},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {10.1038/s41586-021-03403-8},
	author = {Chen, Jingyi and Markowitz, Jeffrey E and Lilascharoen, Varoth and Taylor, Sandra and Sheurpukdi, Pete and Keller, Jason A and Jensen, Jennifer R and Lim, Byung Kook and Datta, Sandeep Robert and Stowers, Lisa}
}
