@article {69007,
	title = {Driver lines for studying associative learning in Drosophila},
	journal = {bioRxiv},
	year = {2023},
	month = {2023 Sep 16},
	abstract = {<p>The mushroom body (MB) is the center for associative learning in insects. In Drosophila, intersectional split-GAL4 drivers and electron microscopy (EM) connectomes have laid the foundation for precise interrogation of the MB neural circuits. However, many cell types upstream and downstream of the MB remained to be investigated due to lack of driver lines. Here we describe a new collection of over 800 split-GAL4 and split-LexA drivers that cover approximately 300 cell types, including sugar sensory neurons, putative nociceptive ascending neurons, olfactory and thermo-/hygro-sensory projection neurons, interneurons connected with the MB-extrinsic neurons, and various other cell types. We characterized activation phenotypes for a subset of these lines and identified the sugar sensory neuron line most suitable for reward substitution. Leveraging the thousands of confocal microscopy images associated with the collection, we analyzed neuronal morphological stereotypy and discovered that one set of mushroom body output neurons, MBON08/MBON09, exhibits striking individuality and asymmetry across animals. In conjunction with the EM connectome maps, the driver lines reported here offer a powerful resource for functional dissection of neural circuits for associative learning in adult Drosophila.</p>
},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.94168.4},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.94168.4 },
	author = {Yichun Shuai and Megan Sammons and Gabriella Sterne and Karen Hibbard and He Yang and Ching-Po Yang and Claire Managan and Igor Siwanowicz and Tzumin Lee and Gerald M. Rubin and Glenn Turner and Yoshinori Aso}
}
@article {68571,
	title = {Neural circuit mechanisms for transforming learned olfactory valences into wind-oriented movement},
	journal = {eLife},
	year = {2023},
	month = {2023 Sep 18},
	abstract = {<p>How memories are used by the brain to guide future action is poorly understood. In olfactory associative learning in Drosophila, multiple compartments of the mushroom body act in parallel to assign valence to a stimulus. Here, we show that appetitive memories stored in different compartments induce different levels of upwind locomotion. Using a photoactivation screen of a new collection of split-GAL4 drivers and EM connectomics, we identified a cluster of neurons postsynaptic to the mushroom body output neurons (MBONs) that can trigger robust upwind steering. These UpWind Neurons (UpWiNs) integrate inhibitory and excitatory synaptic inputs from MBONs of appetitive and aversive memory compartments, respectively. After training, disinhibition from the appetitive-memory MBONs enhances the response of UpWiNs to reward-predicting odors. Blocking UpWiNs impaired appetitive memory and reduced upwind locomotion during retrieval. Photoactivation of UpWiNs also increased the chance of returning to a location where activation was initiated, suggesting an additional role in olfactory navigation. Thus, our results provide insight into how learned abstract valences are gradually transformed into concrete memory-driven actions through divergent and convergent networks, a neuronal architecture that is commonly found in the vertebrate and invertebrate brains.</p>
},
	doi = {10.7554/eLife.85756},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.85756},
	author = {Yoshinori Aso and Daichi Yamada and Daniel Bushey and Karen Hibbard and Megan Sammons and Hideo Otsuna and Yichun Shuai and Toshihide Hige}
}
