@article {46546,
	title = {Cellular levels of signaling factors are sensed by β-actin alleles to modulate transcriptional pulse intensity.},
	journal = {Cell Reports},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 Apr 7},
	pages = {419-32},
	abstract = {<p>The transcriptional response of β-actin to extra-cellular stimuli is a paradigm for transcription factor complex assembly and regulation. Serum induction leads to a precisely timed pulse of β-actin transcription in the cell population. Actin protein is proposed to be involved in this response, but it is not known whether cellular actin levels affect nuclear β-actin transcription. We perturbed the levels of key signaling factors and examined the effect on the induced transcriptional pulse by following endogenous β-actin alleles in single living cells. Lowering serum response factor (SRF) protein levels leads to loss of pulse integrity, whereas reducing actin protein levels reveals positive feedback regulation, resulting in elevated gene activation and a prolonged transcriptional response. Thus, transcriptional pulse fidelity requires regulated amounts of signaling proteins, and perturbations in factor levels eliminate the physiological response, resulting in either tuning down or exaggeration of the transcriptional pulse.</p>
},
	issn = {2211-1247},
	doi = {10.1016/j.celrep.2015.03.039},
	author = {Kalo, Alon and Kanter, Itamar and Shraga, Amit and Sheinberger, Jonathan and Tzemach, Hadar and Kinor, Noa and Singer, Robert H and Lionnet, Timoth{\'e}e and Shav-Tal, Yaron}
}
@article {6601,
	title = {A transgenic mouse for in vivo detection of endogenous labeled mRNA.},
	journal = {Nature Methods},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011 Feb},
	pages = {165-70},
	abstract = {<p>Live-cell single mRNA imaging is a powerful tool but has been restricted in higher eukaryotes to artificial cell lines and reporter genes. We describe an approach that enables live-cell imaging of single endogenous labeled mRNA molecules transcribed in primary mammalian cells and tissue. We generated a knock-in mouse line with an MS2 binding site (MBS) cassette targeted to the 3{\textquoteright} untranslated region of the essential β-actin gene. As β-actin-MBS was ubiquitously expressed, we could uniquely address endogenous mRNA regulation in any tissue or cell type. We simultaneously followed transcription from the β-actin alleles in real time and observed transcriptional bursting in response to serum stimulation with precise temporal resolution. We tracked single endogenous labeled mRNA particles being transported in primary hippocampal neurons. The MBS cassette also enabled high-sensitivity fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), allowing detection and localization of single β-actin mRNA molecules in various mouse tissues.</p>
},
	keywords = {Animals, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Fluorescence, Genetic, In Situ Hybridization, Messenger, Mice, RNA, Transcription, Transgenic},
	issn = {1548-7105},
	doi = {10.1038/nmeth.1551},
	author = {Lionnet, Timoth{\'e}e and Czaplinski, Kevin and Darzacq, Xavier and Shav-Tal, Yaron and Wells, Amber L and Chao, Jeffrey A and Park, Hye Yoon and de Turris, Valeria and Lopez-Jones, Melissa and Singer, Robert H}
}
