@article {3913,
	title = {Fast synaptic subcortical control of hippocampal circuits.},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {326},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009 Oct 16},
	pages = {449-53},
	abstract = {<p>Cortical information processing is under state-dependent control of subcortical neuromodulatory systems. Although this modulatory effect is thought to be mediated mainly by slow nonsynaptic metabotropic receptors, other mechanisms, such as direct synaptic transmission, are possible. Yet, it is currently unknown if any such form of subcortical control exists. Here, we present direct evidence of a strong, spatiotemporally precise excitatory input from an ascending neuromodulatory center. Selective stimulation of serotonergic median raphe neurons produced a rapid activation of hippocampal interneurons. At the network level, this subcortical drive was manifested as a pattern of effective disynaptic GABAergic inhibition that spread throughout the circuit. This form of subcortical network regulation should be incorporated into current concepts of normal and pathological cortical function.</p>
},
	keywords = {Afferent, Animals, Electric Stimulation, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Hippocampus, Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials, Interneurons, Mice, Neural Inhibition, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Photic Stimulation, Raphe Nuclei, Rats, Serotonin, Sprague-Dawley, Synapses, Synaptic Potentials},
	issn = {1095-9203},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1178307},
	author = {Varga, Viktor and Losonczy, Attila and Zemelman, Boris V and Borhegyi, Zsolt and Nyiri, G{\'a}bor and Domonkos, Andor and Hangya, Bal{\'a}zs and Holderith, No{\'e}mi and Magee, Jeffrey C and Freund, Tam{\'a}s F}
}
