@article {45353,
	title = {Thy1 - GCaMP6 transgenic mice for neuronal population imaging in vivo.},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {e108697},
	chapter = {e108697},
	abstract = {<p>Genetically-encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) facilitate imaging activity of genetically defined neuronal populations in vivo. The high intracellular GECI concentrations required for in vivo imaging are usually achieved by viral gene transfer using adeno-associated viruses. Transgenic expression of GECIs promises important advantages, including homogeneous, repeatable, and stable expression without the need for invasive virus injections. Here we present the generation and characterization of transgenic mice expressing the GECIs GCaMP6s or GCaMP6f under the Thy1 promoter. We quantified GCaMP6 expression across brain regions and neurons and compared to other transgenic mice and AAV-mediated expression. We tested three mouse lines for imaging in the visual cortex in vivo and compared their performance to mice injected with AAV expressing GCaMP6. Furthermore, we show that GCaMP6 Thy1 transgenic mice are useful for long-term, high-sensitivity imaging in behaving mice.</p>
},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0108697},
	author = {Dana, Hod and Chen, Tsai-Wen and Hu, Amy and Shields, Brenda C and Cui, Guohong and Looger, Loren and Kim, Douglas S. and Svoboda, Karel}
}
@article {6351,
	title = {Differential regulation of action potential- and metabotropic glutamate receptor-induced Ca2+ signals by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in dopaminergic neurons.},
	journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007 Apr 25},
	pages = {4776-85},
	abstract = {<p>Ca2+ signals associated with action potentials (APs) and metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation exert distinct influences on neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. However, it is not clear how these two types of Ca2+ signals are differentially regulated by neurotransmitter inputs in a single neuron. We investigated this issue in dopaminergic neurons of the ventral midbrain using brain slices. Intracellular Ca2+ was assessed by measuring Ca2+-sensitive K+ currents or imaging the fluorescence of Ca2+ indicator dyes. Tonic activation of metabotropic neurotransmitter receptors (mGluRs, alpha1 adrenergic receptors, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors), attained by superfusion of agonists or weak, sustained (approximately 1 s) synaptic stimulation, augmented AP-induced Ca2+ transients. In contrast, Ca2+ signals elicited by strong, transient (50-200 ms) activation of mGluRs with aspartate iontophoresis were suppressed by superfusion of agonists. These opposing effects on Ca2+ signals were both mediated by an increase in intracellular inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) levels, because they were blocked by heparin, an IP3 receptor antagonist, and reproduced by photolytic application of IP3. Evoking APs repetitively at low frequency (2 Hz) caused inactivation of IP3 receptors and abolished IP3 facilitation of single AP-induced Ca2+ signals, whereas facilitation of Ca2+ signals triggered by bursts of APs (five at 20 Hz) was attenuated by less than half. We further obtained evidence suggesting that the psychostimulant amphetamine may augment burst-induced Ca2+ signals via both depression of basal firing and production of IP3. We propose that intracellular IP3 tone provides a mechanism to selectively amplify burst-induced Ca2+ signals in dopaminergic neurons.</p>
},
	keywords = {4, 5-Trisphosphate, 5-Trisphosphate Receptors, Action Potentials, Amphetamine, Animals, Aspartic Acid, Calcium Signaling, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Dopamine, Inositol 1, Mesencephalon, Metabotropic Glutamate, Neurons, Organ Culture Techniques, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Rats, Receptors, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, Sprague-Dawley},
	issn = {1529-2401},
	doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0139-07.2007},
	author = {Cui, Guohong and Bernier, Brian E and Harnett, Mark T and Morikawa, Hitoshi}
}
