@article {49013,
	title = {Repetitive aggressive encounters generate a long-lasting internal state in Drosophila melanogaster males.},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {115},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018 Jan 16},
	pages = {1099-104},
	abstract = {<p>Multiple studies have investigated the mechanisms of aggressive behavior in Drosophila; however, little is known about the effects of chronic fighting experience. Here, we investigated if repeated fighting encounters would induce an internal state that could affect the expression of subsequent behavior. We trained wild-type males to become winners or losers by repeatedly pairing them with hypoaggressive or hyperaggressive opponents, respectively. As described previously, we observed that chronic losers tend to lose subsequent fights, while chronic winners tend to win them. Olfactory conditioning experiments showed that winning is perceived as rewarding, while losing is perceived as aversive. Moreover, the effect of chronic fighting experience generalized to other behaviors, such as gap-crossing and courtship. We propose that in response to repeatedly winning or losing aggressive encounters, male flies form an internal state that displays persistence and generalization; fight outcomes can also have positive or negative valence. Furthermore, we show that the activities of the PPL1-γ1pedc dopaminergic neuron and the MBON-γ1pedc\&gt;α/β mushroom body output neuron are required for aversion to an olfactory cue associated with losing fights.</p>
},
	issn = {1091-6490},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.1716612115},
	author = {Kim, Yong-Kyu and Saver, Mathias and Simon, Jasper and Kent, Clement F and Shao, Lisha and Eddison, Mark and Agrawal, Pavan and Texada, Michael and Truman, James W and Heberlein, Ulrike}
}
@article {47146,
	title = {Drosophila Lgr3 couples organ growth with maturation and ensures developmental stability.},
	journal = {Current biology : CB},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 Oct 19},
	pages = {2723-9},
	abstract = {<p>Early transplantation and grafting experiments suggest that body organs follow autonomous growth programs [1-3], therefore pointing to a need for coordination mechanisms to produce fit\&nbsp;individuals with proper proportions. We recently\&nbsp;identified Drosophila insulin-like peptide 8 (Dilp8) as a relaxin and insulin-like molecule secreted from growing tissues that plays a central role in coordinating growth between organs and coupling organ growth with animal maturation [4, 5]. Deciphering the function of Dilp8 in growth coordination relies on the identification of the receptor and tissues relaying Dilp8 signaling. We show here that the orphan receptor leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 3 (Lgr3), a member of the highly conserved family of relaxin family peptide receptors (RXFPs), mediates the checkpoint function of Dilp8 for entry into maturation. We functionally identify two Lgr3-positive neurons in each brain lobe that are required to induce a developmental delay upon overexpression of Dilp8. These neurons are located in the pars intercerebralis, an important neuroendocrine area in the brain, and make physical contacts with the PTTH neurons that ultimately control the\&nbsp;production and release of the molting steroid ecdysone. Reducing Lgr3 levels in these neurons\&nbsp;results in adult flies exhibiting increased fluctuating bilateral asymmetry, therefore recapitulating the phenotype of dilp8 mutants. Our work reveals a novel Dilp8/Lgr3 neuronal circuitry involved in a feedback mechanism that ensures coordination between organ growth and developmental transitions and prevents developmental variability.</p>
},
	issn = {1879-0445},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2015.09.020},
	author = {Colombani, Julien and Andersen, Ditte S and Boulan, Laura and Boone, Emilie and Romero, Nuria and Virolle, Virginie and Texada, Michael and L{\'e}opold, Pierre}
}
