@article {49518, title = {Visual physiology of the layer 4 cortical circuit in silico.}, journal = {PLoS Computational Biology}, volume = {14}, year = {2018}, month = {2018 Nov 12}, pages = {e1006535}, abstract = {

Despite advances in experimental techniques and accumulation of large datasets concerning the composition and properties of the cortex, quantitative modeling of cortical circuits under in-vivo-like conditions remains challenging. Here we report and publicly release a biophysically detailed circuit model of layer 4 in the mouse primary visual cortex, receiving thalamo-cortical visual inputs. The 45,000-neuron model was subjected to a battery of visual stimuli, and results were compared to published work and new in vivo experiments. Simulations reproduced a variety of observations, including effects of optogenetic perturbations. Critical to the agreement between responses in silico and in vivo were the rules of functional synaptic connectivity between neurons. Interestingly, after extreme simplification the model still performed satisfactorily on many measurements, although quantitative agreement with experiments suffered. These results emphasize the importance of functional rules of cortical wiring and enable a next generation of data-driven models of in vivo neural activity and computations.

}, issn = {1553-7358}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006535}, author = {Arkhipov, Anton and Gouwens, Nathan W and Billeh, Yazan N and Gratiy, Sergey and Iyer, Ramakrishnan and Wei, Ziqiang and Xu, Zihao and Abbasi-Asl, Reza and Berg, Jim and Buice, Michael and Cain, Nicholas and da Costa, Nuno and de Vries, Saskia and Denman, Daniel and Durand, Severine and Feng, David and Jarsky, Tim and Lecoq, Jerome and Lee, Brian and Li, Lu and Mihalas, Stefan and Ocker, Gabriel K and Olsen, Shawn R and Reid, R Clay and Soler-Llavina, Gilberto and Sorensen, Staci A and Wang, Quanxin and Waters, Jack and Scanziani, Massimo and Koch, Christof} } @article {47894, title = {Adult mouse cortical cell taxonomy revealed by single cell transcriptomics.}, journal = {Nature neuroscience}, volume = {19}, year = {2016}, month = {2016 Feb}, pages = {335-46}, abstract = {

Nervous systems are composed of various cell types, but the extent of cell type diversity is poorly understood. We constructed a cellular taxonomy of one cortical region, primary visual cortex, in adult mice on the basis of single-cell RNA sequencing. We identified 49 transcriptomic cell types, including 23 GABAergic, 19 glutamatergic and 7 non-neuronal types. We also analyzed cell type-specific mRNA processing and characterized genetic access to these transcriptomic types by many transgenic Cre lines. Finally, we found that some of our transcriptomic cell types displayed specific and differential electrophysiological and axon projection properties, thereby confirming that the single-cell transcriptomic signatures can be associated with specific cellular properties.

}, keywords = {Animals, Cell Line, Cerebral Cortex, Classification, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Gene Library, Genetic Markers, Glutamic Acid, Interneurons, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neurons, RNA, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Transcriptome, Visual Cortex}, issn = {1546-1726}, doi = {10.1038/nn.4216}, author = {Tasic, Bosiljka and Menon, Vilas and Nguyen, Thuc Nghi and Kim, Tae Kyung and Jarsky, Tim and Yao, Zizhen and Levi, Boaz and Gray, Lucas T and Sorensen, Staci A and Dolbeare, Tim and Bertagnolli, Darren and Goldy, Jeff and Shapovalova, Nadiya and Parry, Sheana and Lee, Changkyu and Smith, Kimberly and Bernard, Amy and Madisen, Linda and Sunkin, Susan M and Hawrylycz, Michael and Koch, Christof and Zeng, Hongkui} } @article {47901, title = {Correlated gene expression and target specificity demonstrate excitatory projection neuron diversity.}, journal = {Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)}, volume = {25}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Feb}, pages = {433-49}, abstract = {

The neocortex contains diverse populations of excitatory neurons segregated by layer and further definable by their specific cortical and subcortical projection targets. The current study describes a systematic approach to identify molecular correlates of specific projection neuron classes in mouse primary somatosensory cortex (S1), using a combination of in situ hybridization (ISH) data mining, marker gene colocalization, and combined retrograde labeling with ISH for layer-specific marker genes. First, we identified a large set of genes with specificity for each cortical layer, and that display heterogeneous patterns within those layers. Using these genes as markers, we find extensive evidence for the covariation of gene expression and projection target specificity in layer 2/3, 5, and 6, with individual genes labeling neurons projecting to specific subsets of target structures. The combination of gene expression and target specificity imply a great diversity of projection neuron classes that is similar to or greater than that of GABAergic interneurons. The covariance of these 2 phenotypic modalities suggests that these classes are both discrete and genetically specified.

}, keywords = {Animals, Atlases as Topic, Data Mining, Gene Expression, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neural Pathways, Neuronal Tract-Tracers, Neurons, Somatosensory Cortex}, issn = {1460-2199}, doi = {10.1093/cercor/bht243}, author = {Sorensen, Staci A and Bernard, Amy and Menon, Vilas and Royall, Joshua J and Glattfelder, Katie J and Desta, Tsega and Hirokawa, Karla and Mortrud, Marty and Miller, Jeremy A and Zeng, Hongkui and Hohmann, John G and Jones, Allan R and Lein, Ed S} }