@article {68915,
	title = {Rational Engineering of an Improved Genetically Encoded pH Sensor Based on Superecliptic pHluorin.},
	journal = {ACS Sensors},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2023},
	month = {2023 Aug 25},
	pages = {3014-3022},
	abstract = {<p>Genetically encoded pH sensors based on fluorescent proteins are valuable tools for the imaging of cellular events that are associated with pH changes, such as exocytosis and endocytosis. Superecliptic pHluorin (SEP) is a pH-sensitive green fluorescent protein (GFP) variant widely used for such applications. Here, we report the rational design, development, structure, and applications of Lime, an improved SEP variant with higher fluorescence brightness and greater pH sensitivity. The X-ray crystal structure of Lime supports the mechanistic rationale that guided the introduction of beneficial mutations. Lime provides substantial improvements relative to SEP for imaging of endocytosis and exocytosis. Furthermore, Lime and its variants are advantageous for a broader range of applications including the detection of synaptic release and neuronal voltage changes.</p>
},
	issn = {2379-3694},
	doi = {10.1021/acssensors.3c00484},
	author = {Shen, Yi and Wen, Yurong and Sposini, Silvia and Vishwanath, Anjali Amrapali and Abdelfattah, Ahmed S and Schreiter, Eric R and Lemieux, M Joanne and de Juan-Sanz, Jaime and Perrais, David and Campbell, Robert E}
}
@article {48938,
	title = {Semisynthetic fluorescent pH sensors for imaging exocytosis and endocytosis.},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2017},
	month = {2017 Nov 10},
	pages = {1412},
	abstract = {<p>The GFP-based superecliptic pHluorin (SEP) enables detection of exocytosis and endocytosis, but its performance has not been duplicated in red fluorescent protein scaffolds. Here we describe "semisynthetic" pH-sensitive protein conjugates with organic fluorophores, carbofluorescein, and Virginia Orange that match the properties of SEP. Conjugation to genetically encoded self-labeling tags or antibodies allows visualization of both exocytosis and endocytosis, constituting new bright sensors for these key steps of synaptic transmission.</p>
},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-01752-5},
	author = {Martineau, Magalie and Somasundaram, Agila and Grimm, Jonathan B and Gruber, Todd D and Choquet, Daniel and Taraska, Justin W and Lavis, Luke D and Perrais, David}
}
