@article {67793,
	title = {Circuits for integrating learned and innate valences in the insect brain.},
	journal = {eLife},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2021 Nov 10},
	abstract = {<p>Animal behavior is shaped both by evolution and by individual experience. Parallel brain pathways encode innate and learned valences of cues, but the way in which they are integrated during action-selection is not well understood. We used electron microscopy to comprehensively map with synaptic resolution all neurons downstream of all Mushroom Body output neurons (encoding learned valences) and characterized their patterns of interaction with Lateral Horn neurons (encoding innate valences) in larva. The connectome revealed multiple types that receive convergent Mushroom Body and Lateral Horn inputs. A subset of these receives excitatory input from positive-valence MB and LH pathways and inhibitory input from negative-valence MB pathways. We confirmed functional connectivity from LH and MB pathways and behavioral roles of two of these neurons. These neurons encode integrated odor value and bidirectionally regulate turning. Based on this we speculate that learning could potentially skew the balance of excitation and inhibition onto these neurons and thereby modulate turning. Together, our study provides insights into the circuits that integrate learned and innate valences to modify behavior.</p>
},
	issn = {2050-084X},
	doi = {10.7554/eLife.62567},
	author = {Eschbach, Claire and Fushiki, Akira and Winding, Michael and Afonso, Bruno and Andrade, Ingrid V and Cocanougher, Benjamin T and Eichler, Katharina and Gepner, Ruben and Si, Guangwei and Valdes-Aleman, Javier and Fetter, Richard D and Gershow, Marc and Jefferis, Gregory Sxe and Samuel, Aravinthan Dt and Truman, James W and Cardona, Albert and Zlatic, Marta}
}
@article {56202,
	title = {Developmentally arrested precursors of pontine neurons establish an embryonic blueprint of the Drosophila central complex.},
	journal = {Current Biology : CB},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2019},
	month = {2019 Jan 15},
	pages = {412-25},
	abstract = {<p>Serial electron microscopic analysis shows that the Drosophila brain at hatching possesses a large fraction of developmentally arrested neurons with a small soma, heterochromatin-rich nucleus, and unbranched axon lacking synapses. We digitally reconstructed all 802 "small undifferentiated" (SU) neurons and assigned them to the known brain lineages. By establishing the coordinates and reconstructing trajectories of the SU neuron tracts, we provide a framework of landmarks for the ongoing analyses of the L1 brain circuitry. To address the later fate of SU neurons, we focused on the 54 SU neurons belonging to the DM1-DM4 lineages, which generate all columnar neurons of the central complex. Regarding their topologically ordered projection pattern, these neurons form an embryonic nucleus of the fan-shaped body ("FB pioneers"). Fan-shaped body pioneers survive into the adult stage, where they develop into a specific class of bi-columnar elements, the pontine neurons. Later born, unicolumnar DM1-DM4 neurons fasciculate with the fan-shaped body pioneers. Selective ablation of the fan-shaped body pioneers altered the architecture of the larval fan-shaped body primordium but did not result in gross abnormalities of the trajectories of unicolumnar neurons, indicating that axonal pathfinding of the two systems may be controlled independently. Our comprehensive spatial and developmental analysis of the SU neurons adds to our understanding of the establishment of neuronal circuitry.</p>
},
	issn = {1879-0445},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2018.12.012},
	author = {Andrade, Ingrid V and Riebli, Nadia and Nguyen, Bao-Chau M and Omoto, Jaison J and Cardona, Albert and Hartenstein, Volker}
}
