@article {65138,
	title = {Reconstruction of 1,000 projection neurons reveals new cell types and organization of long-range connectivity in the mouse brain.},
	journal = {Cell},
	volume = {179},
	year = {2019},
	month = {2019 Sep 19},
	pages = {268-81},
	abstract = {<p>Neuronal\&nbsp;cell\&nbsp;types\&nbsp;are the nodes of neural circuits that determine the flow of information within the\&nbsp;brain. Neuronal morphology, especially the shape of the axonal arbor, provides an essential descriptor of\&nbsp;cell\&nbsp;type and\&nbsp;reveals\&nbsp;how individual\&nbsp;neurons\&nbsp;route their output across the\&nbsp;brain. Despite the importance of morphology, few\&nbsp;projection\&nbsp;neurons\&nbsp;in the\&nbsp;mouse\&nbsp;brain\&nbsp;have been reconstructed in their entirety. Here we present a robust and efficient platform for imaging and reconstructing complete neuronal morphologies, including axonal arbors that span substantial portions of the\&nbsp;brain. We used this platform to reconstruct more than\&nbsp;1,000\&nbsp;projection\&nbsp;neurons\&nbsp;in the motor cortex, thalamus, subiculum, and hypothalamus. Together, the reconstructed\&nbsp;neurons\&nbsp;constitute more than 85\&nbsp;meters of axonal length and are available in a searchable online database. Axonal shapes revealed previously unknown subtypes of\&nbsp;projection\&nbsp;neurons\&nbsp;and suggest organizational principles of\&nbsp;long-range\&nbsp;connectivity.</p>
},
	issn = {00928674},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.042},
	author = {Winnubst, Johan and Bas, Erhan and Ferreira, Tiago A. and Wu, Zhuhao and Economo, Michael N. and Edson, Patrick and Arthur, Ben J. and Bruns, Christopher and Rokicki, Konrad and Schauder, David and Olbris, Donald J. and Murphy, Sean D. and Ackerman, David G. and Arshadi, Cameron and Baldwin, Perry and Blake, Regina and Elsayed, Ahmad and Hasan, Mashtura and Ramirez, Daniel and Dos Santos, Bruno and Weldon, Monet and Zafar, Amina and Dudman, Joshua T. and Gerfen, Charles R. and Hantman, Adam W. and Korff, Wyatt and Sternson, Scott M. and Spruston, Nelson and Svoboda, Karel and Chandrashekar, Jayaram}
}
@article {64905,
	title = {Visually guided behavior and optogenetically induced learning in head-fixed flies exploring a virtual landscape.},
	journal = {Current Biology : CB},
	year = {2019},
	month = {2019 Apr 29},
	abstract = {<p>Studying the intertwined roles of sensation, experience, and directed action in navigation has been facilitated by the development of virtual reality (VR) environments for head-fixed animals, allowing for quantitative measurements of behavior in well-controlled conditions. VR has long featured in studies of Drosophila melanogaster, but these experiments have typically allowed the fly to change only its heading in a visual scene and not its position. Here we explore how flies move in two dimensions (2D) using a visual VR environment that more closely captures an animal{\textquoteright}s experience during free behavior. We show that flies{\textquoteright} 2D interaction with landmarks cannot be automatically derived from their orienting behavior under simpler one-dimensional (1D) conditions. Using novel paradigms, we then demonstrate that flies in 2D VR adapt their behavior in response to optogenetically delivered appetitive and aversive stimuli. Much like free-walking flies after encounters with food, head-fixed flies exploring a 2D VR respond to optogenetic activation of sugar-sensing neurons by initiating a local search, which appears not to rely on visual landmarks. Visual landmarks can, however, help flies to avoid areas in VR where they experience an aversive, optogenetically generated heat stimulus. By coupling aversive virtual heat to the flies{\textquoteright} presence near visual landmarks of specific shapes, we elicit selective learned avoidance of those landmarks. Thus, we demonstrate that head-fixed flies adaptively navigate in 2D virtual environments, but their reliance on visual landmarks is context dependent. These behavioral paradigms set the stage for interrogation of the fly brain circuitry underlying flexible navigation in complex multisensory environments.</p>
},
	issn = {1879-0445},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.033},
	author = {Haberkern, Hannah and Basnak, Melanie A and Ahanonu, Biafra and Schauder, David and Cohen, Jeremy D and Bolstad, Mark and Bruns, Christopher and Jayaraman, Vivek}
}
