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Expression Patterns of GAL4 and LexA Driver Lines
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Line Select one or more fly lines. Lines may be selected by entering at least two characters in the search box, or by selecting directly from the scrolled list. If no line is selected, information for all lines will be returned. Multiple lines may be selected or deselected by holding down the control key (Windows) or the command key (Mac).


Gene Select one or more genes. Genes may be selected by entering at least two characters in the search box, or by selecting directly from the scrolled list. If no gene is selected, information for all lines will be returned. Multiple genes may be selected or deselected by holding down the control key (Windows) or the command key (Mac).


Release 3.0 (2017-09-01)
  • Images of brains and VNCs of 2,800 VT GAL4 lines have been added in this release. The central brains of these lines had been imaged previously in Vienna and these images can be viewed at Virtual Fly Brain. Here we add complete brains (with optic lobes) and VNCs imaged in the same way as the other GAL4 lines shown on the site.
Release 2.0 (2015-05-01)
  • A number of new GAL4 line images have been added, and some corrections to the original data set have been made. These are listed here.
  • Image data for 1,479 LexA lines have been added (listed here). These lines were generated using the same enhancers and are generally inserted into the attP40 landing site. Searching by line name or gene name will recover both the available GAL4 and LexA image data.


The data presented on this site are the work of the Janelia FlyLight Project Team and the laboratories of Gerald M. Rubin, James W. Truman, Barry J. Dickson, Richard S. Mann, and Christopher Q. Doe. For questions about sample creation/processing/imaging or about this website, please email [email protected].

You may use images from this website under a CC BY 4.0 license. Please acknowledge the FlyLight Project Team at Janelia Research Campus for the use of the images. Please also cite the appropriate papers listed below (often Jennet et al. (2012) for Rubin GAL4 lines and Tirian et al. (2017) for VT GAL4 lines).

The GMR GAL4 lines have been deposited in the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center for distribution. Discrepancies are likely to occur at some low frequency in a collection of this size; if you obtain a line and find it does not match what is presented on this site, please let us know by emailing [email protected]. Genomic location coordinates for CRMs correspond to Flybase release 5.22, which is available through the Flybase Archive page. Many of the VT lines are available from the Vienna Drosophila Resource Center. An Excel file containing details of PCR primers, predicted CRMs, neighboring genes, etc. can also be downloaded from this site. Many GAL4 and LexA lines are also available from the Korea Drosophila Resource Center.

In publications, please attribute the data presented on this site to one of the following papers, as follows:

For the overall strategy and methods used to produce the GMR GAL4 lines:
Pfeiffer, B. D., Jenett, A., Hammonds, A. S., Ngo, T. B., Misra, S., Murphy, C., Scully, A., Carlson, J. W., Wan, K. H., Laverty, T. R., Mungall, C., Svirskas, R., Kadonaga, J. T., Doe, C. Q., Eisen, M. B., Celniker, S. E., & Rubin, G. M. Tools for neuroanatomy and neurogenetics in Drosophila. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008; 105: 9715-9720. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0803697105

For the construction of the complete set of GAL4 lines and data on expression in the adult nervous system:
Jenett, A., Rubin, G.M., Ngo, T.-T. B., Shepherd, D., Murphy, C., Dionne, H., Pfeiffer, B.D., Cavallaro, A., Hall, D., Jeter, J., Iyer, N., Fetter, D., Hausenfluck, J.H., Peng, H., Trautman, E., Svirskas, R., Myers, G.W., Iwinski, Z.R., Aso, Y., DePasquale, G.M., Enos, A., Hulamm, P., Lam, S.C.B., Li, H-H., Laverty, T., Long, F., Qu, L., Murphy, S.D., Rokicki, K., Safford, T., Shaw, K., Simpson, J.H., Sowell, A., Tae, S., Yu, Y., Zugates, C.T. A GAL4-Driver Line Resource for Drosophila Neurobiology. Cell Reports (2012) Doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.09.011
http://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(12)00292-6

For the construction of the split-GAL4 hemidriver collection based on Jenett, et al., 2012:
Dionne, H., Hibbard, K. L., Cavallaro, A., Kao, J. & Rubin, G. M. Genetic Reagents for Making Split-GAL4 Lines in Drosophila. Genetics. 2018; 209: 31-35. DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.300682

For data on expression in the larval nervous system:
Li, H., Kroll, J. R., Lennox, S. M., Ogundeyi, O., Jeter, J., Depasquale, G., & Truman, J. W. A GAL4 Driver Resource for Developmental and Behavioral Studies on the Larval CNS of Drosophila. Cell Reports. 2014; 8: 897-908. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.065

For data on expression in the embryo:
Manning, L., Purice, M.D., Roberts, J., Pollard, J.L., Bennett, A.L., Kroll, J.R., Dyukareva, A.V., Doan, P.N., Lupton, J.R., Strader, M.E., Tanner, S., Bauer, D., Wilbur, A., Tran, K.D., Laverty, T.R., Pearson, J.C., Crews, S.T., Rubin, G.M., and Doe, C.Q. (2012) Annotated embryonic CNS expression patterns of 5000 GMR GAL4 lines: a resource for manipulating gene expression and analyzing cis-regulatory motifs. Cell Reports (2012) Doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.09.009
http://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(12)00290-2

For data on expression in imaginal discs:
Jory, A., Estella, C., Giorgianni, M.W., Slattery, M., Laverty, T.R., Rubin, G.M., and Mann, R.S. (2012) A survey of 6300 genomic fragments for cis-regulatory activity in the imaginal discs of Drosophila melanogaster. Cell Reports (2012) Doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.09.010
http://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(12)00291-4

For construction of the VT GAL4 lines:
Tirian, L., & Dickson, B. J. The VT GAL4, LexA, and split-GAL4 driver line collections for targeted expression in the Drosophila nervous system. bioRxiv. 2017: 198648. DOI: 10.1101/198648