Structure, interaction, and nervous connectivity of beta cell primary cilia

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bioRxiv. 2023 Dec 01;. doi: 10.1101/2023.12.01.568979

Structure, interaction, and nervous connectivity of beta cell primary cilia Hess Lab

Müller Andreas, Klena Nikolai, Pang Song, Garcia Leticia, Sulaymankhil Davud, Topcheva Oleksandra, Seliskar Monika, Mziaut Hassan, Schöniger Eyke, Friedland Daniela, Kipke Nicole, Kretschmar Susanne, Münster Carla, Weitz Jürgen, Distler Marius, Kurth Thomas, Schmidt Deborah, Hess Harald, Xu Shan, Pigino Gaia, Solimena Michele

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Abstract

Primary cilia are sensory organelles present in many cell types. Based on an array of microtubules termed axoneme they form a specialized membrane compartment partaking in various signaling processes. Primary cilia of pancreatic islet beta cells play a role in autocrine and paracrine signaling and are linked to diabetes. Yet, the structural basis for their functions is unclear. We present three-dimensional reconstructions of complete mouse and human beta cell cilia, revealing a disorganized 9+0 axoneme structure. Within the islet cilia are spatially confined within deep ciliary pockets or squeezed into narrow extracellular spaces between adjacent cells. Beta and alpha cell cilia physically interact with neighboring islet cells pushing and strongly bending their plasma membranes. Furthermore, beta cells can contain multiple cilia that can meet with other islet cell cilia in the extracellular space. Additionally, beta cell cilia establish connections with islet-projecting nerves. These findings highlight the pivotal role of beta cell primary cilia in islet cell connectivity, pointing at their potential functional role in integrating islet intrinsic and extrinsic signals. These novel insights contribute to understanding their significance in health and diabetes.

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bioRxiv Preprint https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.01.568979

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Structure, interaction, and nervous connectivity of beta cell primary cilia

Abstract

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